Rabies on the Rise

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A surge in rabies cases across parts of the U.S. has public health departments urging residents to take extra precautions—for themselves, their pets, and their communities.

Nassau County on Long Island, New York, has officially declared rabies a public health threat after confirming 25 cases in animals over the past year, including in raccoons and feral cats. Nearby Suffolk County also reported its first two cases since 2009.

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Tragically, fatal human cases have occurred recently as well: a Michigan resident died in April after contracting rabies through a transplant, and a California woman passed away last November after a bat bite.

How rabies spreads—and why it’s so dangerous

Rabies is transmitted through the saliva of infected animals, typically via bites or scratches. Raccoons and bats are the most common carriers. Bats, in particular, pose a hidden danger—their bites are so small, victims often don’t realize they’ve been bitten. That’s why experts recommend calling your health department if a bat gets into your home, even if no bite is obvious.

Though possums are often believed to be rabies-proof, they can still contract the virus—but are much less likely to spread it due to their lower body temperature.

The stakes: Rabies is almost always fatal

Once symptoms begin, rabies is nearly 100% fatal. Fewer than a dozen people are known to have survived after symptoms developed. That’s why immediate action is critical if there’s any risk of exposure.

The virus can incubate for weeks or even months, so post-exposure vaccination remains the best line of defense. Early symptoms often mimic the flu, but the disease can quickly progress to severe neurological effects, including hallucinations, paralysis, and extreme fear of water.

How to protect yourself and your pets

• Vaccinate your pets and livestock.

• Avoid contact with unknown or wild animals.

• Keep pets leashed or supervised when outdoors.

• Quarantine exposed animals as required by local health regulations.

Because rabies can’t be diagnosed in a living animal, unvaccinated pets that have been exposed may face long quarantines or even euthanasia to protect public safety.

What to watch for

Signs of rabies in animals include confusion, aggression (or unusual friendliness), drooling, difficulty walking, and fear of water. If you see an animal behaving strangely, don’t approach it—call animal control right away.

And if you’re ever scratched or bitten by an animal that may be rabid, don’t wait. Seek medical attention immediately to start post-exposure treatment and protect your health.